Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is an advanced machining process that relies on the precise application of electrical sparks to produce a desired workpiece shape or finish. Wire EDM (WEDM) is a variation of the EDM machining method that is often used for cutting plates or forming ties, tools or punches from harder metals that are typically not conducive to standard machining processes.

The EDM manufacturing process begins by submerging the part or component into a tank filled with dielectric fluid. The next step is feeding a thin stand of metal wire, which is held between upper and lower guides, through the submerged part. The guides are typically CNC-controlled and designed to move in the X and Y plane. An electric current is then introduced to generate the sparking and produce the desired cutting or shaping action.

What Are the Benefits of Using Wire EDM Machines?

Wire EDM machining offers an array of important benefits during the manufacturing process. Because it can remove materials without exerting a high amount of cutting force, it is ideally suited for situations requiring low levels of residual stress. This minimizes the risk of damage to the workpiece. By enabling hard materials to be wire cut, wire EDM machining eliminates the need for post-machining heat treatment, which in turn reduces the likelihood of surface distortion. Submerging the workpiece in dielectric fluid imposes almost no heat stress on the part.